Num 3:12, 41, 45
And I, behold, I have taken the Levites from among the children of Israel instead of all the firstborn…therefore the Levites shall be mine.
And you shall take the Levites for Me, I am YHWH, instead of all the firstborn…
Take the Levites instead of all the firstborn among the children of Israel… And the Levites shall be Mine.”
One year, two weeks, and one day after YHWH brought the children of Israel out of Egypt, while they were still in the Sinai desert, He instructed Moses to take a census. By tribe, Moses and Aaron counted all the males of military age.
The tribe of Levi was excluded from this census and the tribe of Joseph was separated into two tribes: Ephraim and Manasseh. Each count was then added together and totaled 603,550 men of war.
Next, YHWH told Moses to gather the entire tribe of Levi and present them to Aaron and his sons.
[YHWH had previously chosen Aaron and his sons to perform the priestly duties. Exo. 28:1]
The tribe of Levi was to assist Aaron and his sons in the Tabernacle (and later Temple) services. Num. 3:6-9. Here, YHWH said He took the Levites instead of the firstborn males. Num. 3:12-13 cf. Exo. 13:2, 12. This is repeated in Num. 3:41, 45, & Num. 8:16-18.
To demonstrate this, YHWH had Moses count the families of the tribe of Levi, from the age of one month. This count was then compared to the count of all the firstborn males from the children of Israel, from the age of one month. Num. 3:39, 43
All that were numbered of the Levites…the males from a month old and upward were twenty-two thousand.
And all the firstborn males…from a month and upward…were twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three.
The first 22,000 of the firstborn Israelites were redeemed by the 22,000 Levites. The remaining 273 were then redeemed by 1,365 shekels of silver (5 shekels per firstborn). Num. 3:49, 50
And Moses took the redemption money from them that were in excess, beyond those who the Levites redeemed…one thousand three hundred and sixty-five.
It must be noted that at this point, the firstborn sons had not yet been redeemed. This was a couple of weeks after their second Passover observance. Num. 1:1 cf. Num. 9:1, 5. They were instructed to redeem their firstborn sons at the first Passover observance a year earlier. Exo. 13:13. This suggests that no one had followed this instruction for over a year.
Knowing this would happen and who would remain faithful during the golden calf rebellion (Exo. 32:26-28; Deu. 33:9-10), YHWH chose the tribe of Levi to serve Him instead of our firstborn sons. While first teaching us to set apart our firstborn sons to Him (Exo. 13:2, 12), He then instructed us to repurchase them. Exo. 13:13
And every firstborn of man among your sons you shall redeem.”
Jacob McKessey says
Like we were taught to redeem our firstborn sons, YHWH redeems us from our bondage to the law of sin and death.
Many have misunderstood the apostle Paul as teaching that we are redeemed from YAH’s Law. Let us take another look at his letter to the Romans.
Romans chapter 7, like other writings of Paul, is a difficult section of Scripture to understand. The leaders and teachers of mainstream Christianity have taken parts of the apostle’s letters, like Romans chapter seven, Galatians chapter three, and other cherry-picked verses in his letters, to build a false narrative that has deceived millions of good people into sinning against their Maker.
Twisting his words, they contradict Paul’s various statements: “The doers of [His] law shall be justified” (Rom. 2:13 in the context of chapter 2), “Do we make [His] law void because of faith? On the contrary, we establish [His] law!” (Rom. 3:31 as his conclusion of 3:21-31), “Shall we sin?” (Rom. 6:1, 15 & 3:8 concluding his comments in 5:12-21, in the context of 6:11-18, and taking into his account his definition of sin in 3:20 & 7:7, respectively).
Let us now turn our attention to the subject matter of this study: Romans chapter seven. For clarity, we will divide this chapter into two sections: the setup (the first six verses), and Paul’s struggle with sin (the rest of the chapter).
The setup (vv. 1-6)
Rom. 7:1-3
Many suppose that the apostle was referencing the books of Moses, when he said, “For I speak to them that know the law”. However, this cannot be true because nowhere in the books of Moses can such a law be found. The opposite is stated in Deuteronomy 24:1-2:
While the apostle said that the “law” stated that she may not marry another if the first husband is still alive, Moses said that she may. Deuteronomy 24:4 clarifies that the first husband was very much alive in this scenario.
This is how we can know with certainty that Paul was speaking of a different law. Moreover, the apostle tells the Corinthians exactly where this law came from.
1 Co. 7:10-11, 39
Our Master taught that if a wife is put away and marries another (assuming her first husband is still alive), she is an adulteress (Mar. 10:2-9, 11). By saying “not I, but the Master”, Paul was attributing this teaching to Yeshua. Thus, Paul’s use of the word “law” in Romans 7:3 and 1 Corinthians 7:39 is a reference to the teaching of Yeshua. Speaking of Yeshua, the prophet foretold that “the islands shall wait for His Law” (Isa. 42:4).
Rom. 7:4-6
In the same way a wife is free to marry another when her first husband dies, so are we free to marry another because of the death of the Messiah.
In the example of the “law to her husband” (Rom. 7:2), the wife is bound to her husband until he dies. In the subject of this chapter, because of Yeshua’s death, we are no longer bound by the “law” (7:4, 5, 6) —that is, “the motions of sin” (7:5) that “did work in our members to bring forth fruit unto death” (ibid).
[He also talks about this extensively in his previous chapter (6) and again in the following one (8).]
Under our first husband, as it were, we were “in the flesh” (7:5) and under the Law. Under our first husband, we were under the curse of the Law of YHWH because we did not obey it. In Paul’s past life, he had supposed that he did keep it, but he did so in “the oldness of the letter” and not “in newness of spirit” (7:6). This brings us to the next section:
Paul’s struggle with sin (vv. 7-25)
In the body of this chapter, Paul described YHWH’s Law as defining sin (7:7), as “set-apart, just and good” (7:12), as “spiritual” (7:14), and again as “good” (7:16). He said that he “delights in the Law of the Mighty One” from his innermost being (7:22).
He said that while YHWH’s Law is spiritual, he was carnal and “sold under sin” (7:14). He described “another law” (7:23) in his flesh that was contrary to YHWH’s Law that was in his mind. He said that this law brought him into captivity to the “law of sin” (7:23, 25). [See also 8:2.]
The conflict that Paul described in this chapter (7:8-25), is encapsulated in the statement he made in verse 24: “O wretched man that I am, who shall deliver me from this body of sin and death?”
In this context, he made some statements that need further explanation. For example, in 7:9 he said:
And again, in the next verse:
Taken by themselves, these statements can, and have been, taken to suggest that the reason YHWH gave His Law was to condemn people and make them feel guilty. However, reading the chapter in its entirety, we see that Paul himself struggled with feelings of guilt.
It had nothing to do with YHWH’s Law which he viewed as “set-apart, just and good” (7:12). Instead, it had everything to do with how he had been trained to apply it to his life. He had studied under Gamaliel, a leading rabbi of his day and grandson of Hillel the Elder (Act. 22:3). From a boy, he was steeped in Pharisaism and all the misconceptions and misapplications of YHWH’s Law that came with it. As Pharisee, he had considered himself “blameless” according to the law.
Phi. 3:3-6
More could be said concerning why Paul struggled with a guilty conscience. What he said in his letter to the Philippians (3:3-9), compared to what he said to the Romans (9:31-32 & 10:3) would help explain to us how he could relate to “trusting in the flesh”. His upbringing, his past life, was of the persuasion that a person could be declared righteous by their good deeds.
Moreover, what he said in Galatians 1:14 (compared with Phi. 3:3-5) concerning his former religion, helps explain some statements he made in Galatians chapter three.
It would serve us well to remember that Paul was once a person who did all his works “to be seen by men” (Mat. 23:5); who “appeared before men to be righteous” (Mat. 23:28; Luk 16:5); and who “trusted in themselves that they were righteous” (Luke 18:9).